We hypothosize that using tap water will be best for our beans because magnesium which helps to the plant's health. We also think that the saltwater will be the least effective because salt water dehydrates humans bacause the human kidney can only produce urine that is less salty than salt water therefore causing us to urinate more than we drink causing dehydration and we think it will have the same effect on the plant. 

Plants need five things to grow, light, water, nutrients, air and space to grow.. Plants get their light from the sun but can also get it from artificial light called grow lights. They use the light to make a certain type of sugar called glucose. The plants use it for energy. Plants make the glucose from a part in the leaf called chloroplast. The chloroplast uses a green coloured pigment called chlorophyll. This is what lets the plant to absorb energy from the light. If a plant receives too little light then it will grow leisurely.

Plants need water because it helps them move nutrients from the soil to the plant. Water also helps with photosynthesis. The roots absorb the water which then travels through the plants stem to the leaves with the chloroplast. Once the water reaches the leaves it evaporates through tiny holes called stomata. As the water evaporates it creates a negative pressure which helps pull the water through the stem. The plants also use the water to make glucose and it can help cool down the plant in the summer. If a plant receives too little water it can wilt or droop but too much will cause the roots to rot.  

Plants need air because the air contains a chemical called carbon dioxide. Combined with this water and energy from the light the plants can engage in a process called photosynthesis. This is a process converting energy to food which in this case is glucose. Plants also need the oxygen from the air like animals do to respire. Respiration is a process of breaking down the molecules of glucose for energy.

Plants need nutrients to nourish itself. Specifically nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. These nutrients dissolve in the water and get absorbed by the plants roots. If the soil does not have enough nutrients in it then fertilizer can be added. Fertilizer contains the essential nutrients to help plants grow. Compost can be used as fertilizer. Soil with compost is nutrient rich and plants in the soil will produce or grow lots.     

Plants need space to grow. They have access to personal resources and their roots can spread out more for nutrients and water. If plants grow too close together the plants will have to battle for resources. Because of this the plant might be less healthy and produce or grow less.

Water is made out of 3 different atoms that are: 2 hydrogen (H) and one oxygen (O) atom, and everything together is H2O. A drop of water contains billions of molecules. 

WATER has nutrients that nourish the plants. Plants need nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and water has this. After some time water dissolves and the plant’s roots absorb all these nutrients. 95% of plants body is water and the rest is carbon.

Some plants have poisonous particles that can cause other plants not to grow very well. Roots absorb water by a process called osmosis. 

Germination is a process that a lot of plants do.This is a process when the plant grows from a seed to a plant, this happens when the embryo swells and its covering breaks .

Plants create oxygen through the photosynthesis, their leaves pull carbon dioxide, water and energy of the sun , convert this into a chemical compounds like sugars that feed the plant. As a by product of the chemical reaction, oxygen is produced and released by the plant. Some plants  that people have at home also purify the air.  

A food crises is when there is a shortage of food in a certain place. During a food crises many people will experience malnutrition and acute food insecurity. Acute food insecurity is when a person is unable to consume enough food which puts their life in immediate danger.

As of 2022, 258 million people suffer from acute food insecurity. The numbers are the highest ever recorded as of 2022 and were increasing for four years prior to 2022  

Countries suffering the most

Afghanistan

19.9 million people suffering

Caused mainly by floods, droughts, conflict and high food prices

Nigeria

25.3 million people

Caused by climate change, inflation and growing food prices

Variables

Independent: The bean plant and the different types of water.

Dependant: How tall the bean plant grows

Controlled: How much water we give the bean plants and the light is evenly distributed

1. First you need to take your pots and fill them with one cup of dirt. You need five pots of seeds for one type of water
2. Then you dig a little hole about one inch deep with your shovel and place in your bean seeds
3. Then gently cover the seeds until the soil is flat
4. Prepare your different types of water by adding 1 tablespoon of your sugar, salt, food colouring, kids liquid Tylenol and soap to 2 cups of water
5. Immediately water the beans with two tablespoons of water then water the beans daily with one tablespoon of water to keep the dirt moist until germination
6. Photocopy a measuring tape and photocopy 30 times.  Cut out and tape to a popsicle stick with the 0, 3 cm left at the bottom with no measuring tape
7. Place a popsicle stick in each pot of soil/ seed as a measuring tool
8. After the first week water the bean plants with one tablespoon of water every second day
9. Record your observations every other day on data tables using the popsicle stick at the base of the soil as the starting point and the highest part of the plant (without touching the plant) as the maximum height
10. Once the plant stems are long enough attach the stem to the popsicle stick for support

The tap water had the first seed to poke out of the soil but never grew.it ended up being the second most productive type of water. The salt water soil had crystalized and the sugar, tylenol and tap water grew the most. The sugar water had one plant that was taller than the rest and it ended up being so tall that it bent over and touched the wall on its right which was pretty far away but over all the liquid tylenol had the tallest plants. The coloured water was quite dramatic you could say because all but one of the plants were bending over, drooping and looking quite dead. Surprisingly only one of the coloured water plants died and it was the one that was bent over the most. The soapy was not as dramatic but did not grow very tall. One of the plants died and the plants did not have very many leaves.

The tylenol water was the best water following was tap water then sugar water, then the soapy water then the coloured water and the worst was the salt water.

These are probably the best result for the future because the water will likely be tainted with medication but our results prove that this is best for the plant and will increase the growth rate of the plant. Not by very much but by a good amount that it might make a difference in how many beans are produced.

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1MRqC7robkSTEjWqnXtxDzn3d0_FZCInHOVxb-j9boko/edit#gid=0

In conclusion we were wrong and right. The salt water did turn out to be the worst with zero seeds growing but the tap water did not grow the best, it turned out to be the tylenol likely due to the nitrogen in it which is very nutritious for the plant. 

We are doing this because if we can figure out what type of water is best for a plant then in the future the plants could start growing more and produce more food which can help lessen world hunger and food crises. It can also help because if we know what water containing medication does to a plants health in the future we can maybe focuse on developing tecnology that can remove medication if that type of water is not good for a plants health. This is important because in the near future the majority of the drinking water will be contaminated witrh medication because of how hard medication is to remove from the water.

One thing that could have changed the results is that we spilled some water when watering so some plants might have gotten less water than others or that also some of the waters were thick so they came out of the measuring spoon giving the plant less water. Another thing is that some of the plants might have been dysfuctional so they might have grown more or less. The last thing is that the measuring was not very exact and that could have changed the results.

Needs of plants | lets talk science

https://letstalkscience.ca/educational-resources/backgrounders/needs-plants#:~:text=Plants%20need%20water%20for%20photosynthesis,plant%20to%20wilt%20or%20droop. 

-Google

How does water move through a plant | little green thumbs

https://www.littlegreenthumbs.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/How-does-water-move-through-a-plant.pdf

All about plants | smiling garden 

https://www.smilinggardener.com/collection/all-about-plants/

Water | britannica

https://www.britannica.com/science/water

Soybeans and soy foods | better health channel

https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/soybeans

How do plants produce oxygen | plantsome

https://plantsome.ca/blogs/blog/76140549-how-do-plants-produce-oxygen

Global food crisis | world vision

https://www.worldvision.ca/stories/food/food-crisis-around-the-world

Macroeconomic Issues | study smarter

https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/macroeconomics/macroeconomic-issues/#:~:text=Inflation%2C%20unemployment%2C%20and%20poor%20real,are%20examples%20of%20macroeconomic%20issues

Thank you to Marisa Tosi, Annika's mother for helping us with the plants, the process, the measuraments supplying us ith resources and ingrediants and also giving us advice with our project in general. Thank you to Roy Custodio for sacraficing a night to buy us soil and to get pots from the shed and for helping us make all of our graphs and overseeing our creation of the trifold. Thank you to all of the websites we used and the people who made them. Thank you to Srta Rivas for explaining everything to us and for organizing the meeting to work on the form for C.Y.S.F.